Application path · Job hunting
Tokutei Ginou (Specified Skilled Worker) is not a study route — it's how you come to Japan to work directly on a labor visa, on the strength of a skill. There are two entry paths: pass a sector skill-evaluation test plus a Japanese-language proof (JFT-Basic or JLPT N4, etc.), or convert exam-free from a "good completion" of 技能実習 2 号. Either way you obtain 特定技能 1 号 and work in a labor-shortage sector such as caregiving, food service, lodging, or construction. Unlike 技術・人文知識・国際業務, which judges roles by your degree and major, this route looks at hands-on skill and job-ready ability. 1 号 carries a cumulative stay cap and no family accompaniment; once skilled, the sector's 2 号 evaluation test lets you move to 特定技能 2 号 — no stay cap, family allowed, and the legal footing that begins to connect toward permanent residence. Students already in Japan can switch in from a 留学 status via change of status, routing through 特定活動 (transition prep) when needed.
Milestones
This stage
先按想从事的产业定特定産業分野，并分清特定技能（产业即战力）与技人国（学历·职务关连）适用互斥，破除「低门槛打工签」直觉。
| 维度 | 特定技能 | 技術・人文知識・国際業務（技人国） |
|---|---|---|
| 入口逻辑 | 人手不足的特定産業分野中的即战力 | 自然/人文科学·国際業務意义上的专业职位 |
| 看什么 | 与符合要件的受入機関签雇用契約 + 通过分野技能与日语证明 | 学历/专攻/经历与职位内容是否有关联性 |
| 官方例示 | 介護·宿泊·外食·建設 等现场即战力岗位 | 工程师·通译·设计·マーケティング 等 |
| 判断关键 | 不看岗位标题，看在留活动整体的法律性质；同一份工作不能自由二选一，按主たる業務内容定 [要確認] | 同上：即便岗位带『翻译/通译』，若实质只是母语接客或卖场销售而与专攻无关，也不能套进技人国 |
特定技能 1 号当前覆盖 16 个特定産業分野 [要確認]：厚労省系=介護、ビルクリーニング；経産省系=工業製品製造業；国交省系=建設、造船・舶用工業、自動車整備、航空、宿泊、自動車運送業、鉄道；農水省系=農業、漁業、飲食料品製造業、外食業、林業、木材産業。这份清单不是永久不变的，近两年就发生过扩容，所以必须以 ISA 当前制度页、分野別運用方針页和分野页为准。先按自己想从事的产业定分野，因为后续的技能評価試験、日语要件、受入機関都按分野走；在日留学生从「留学」转入特定技能（如介護）是一条真实路径，口径见后续节点。
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